When the new Polish government under Prime Minister Donald Tusk took office in November 2007, it announced ambitious reform proposals in the area of foreign and defence policy. Not only were Poland's European credentials to be strengthened and a more assertive stance adopted in relations with the US, the modernisation of the Polish armed forces was to be significantly accelerated. A clear change in foreign policy style was evident in the first 100 days of Tusk's government. While this does not imply a shift in Poland's strategic interests, European governments should use the opportunity to intensify the foreign policy dialogue with Warsaw. With regard to military modernisation, the planned transition from a conscription army to a fully professional force will be a crucial step. Yet, a range of carefully designed measures is needed in order to recruit and retain skilled and highly-motivated volunteers. In view of Poland's ambitions to be a key ally and contributor to international crisis management operations, the Tusk government should not rush the professionalisation of the army because of public opinion pressure.